In 1542, Catherine Howard was executed for adultery. She was the fifth wife of England’s King Henry VIII.
In 1633, Galileo Galilei arrives in Rome for his trial before the Inquisition.
In 1635, the oldest public institution in America, the Boston Latin School, was founded.
In 1668, Portugal was recognized as an independent nation by Spain.
In 1741, “The American Magazine,” the first magazine in the U.S., was published in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
In 1861, the first Medal of Honor went to Col. Bernard Irwin, an assistant Army surgeon serving in the first major U.S.-Apache conflict.
In 1875, Mrs. Edna Kanouse gave birth to America’s first quintuplets. All five of the baby boys died within two weeks..
In 1880, Thomas Edison observed what became known as the Edison Effect for the first time.
In 1889, Norman Coleman became the first U.S. Secretary of Agriculture.
In 1900, The Anglo-German accord of 1899 was ratified by Reichstag, in which Britain renounced rights in Samoa in favor of Germany and the U.S.
In 1914, The American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (known as ASCAP) was formed in New York City. The society was founded to protect the copyrighted
musical compositions of its members.
In 1920, The League of Nations recognized the continued neutrality of Switzerland.
Also, in 1920, the National Negro Baseball League was organized.
In 1945, allied firebombing of the German city of Dresden caused a firestorm that destroyed the city and killed as many as 135,000 people.
Also in 1945, Soviet forces captured Budapest, Hungary. The 49-day battle killed more than 50,000 German troops.
In 1960, France tested its first atomic weapon.
In 1974, the Soviet Union expelled dissident writer Alexander Solzhenitsyn.
In 1984, Konstantin Chernenko succeeded the late Yuri Andropov as Soviet leader.
In 1990, the two Germanys and the Big Four powers agreed to pursue German unity.
In 1991, Iraq claimed hundreds of civilians were killed when U.S. bombs hit a building in Baghdad; the United States said the building was a heavily fortified
military command center.
Also in 1991, 36 people were killed when an Ash Wednesday mass at a Mexican church turned violent.
In 1993, three men were killed and another wounded in a shooting at Bethune-Cookman College in Daytona Beach, Fla.
In 1998, Cuba began releasing 299 political prisoners following an appeal by Pope John Paul II.
Also in 1998, Nigerian troops overthrew the military junta that had ruled Sierra Leone since ousting the democratically elected government in May 1997.
In 2001, more than 400 people are killed in an earthquake in El Salvador.
In 2002, Pakistani police announced the arrest of the prime suspect in the abduction and slaying of Wall Street Journal reporter Daniel Pearl.
In 2003, the Bolivian capital of La Paz was plunged into chaos by protests that got out of hand. Fourteen people were killed.
In 2005, a Shiite-dominated coalition won the Iraqi parliamentary election, taking 48 percent of the 8.5 million votes cast.
Also in 2005, flooding claimed more than 70 lives in Venezuela and Colombia.
In 2006, a U.N. report accused the United States of violating prisoners’ rights at its military base in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba.
In 2007, North Korea agreed to close its nuclear facilities in exchange for a $400 million package of oil and economic aid.
In 2008, Barack Obama won votes in Virginia, Maryland, and the District of Columbia by large margins, strengthening his lead over Hillary Clinton for the
Democratic presidential nomination. On the Republican side, John McCain won all three primaries as well, solidifying his lead over Mike Huckabee.
Also in 2008, the U.S. government confirmed reports that trailers supplied to survivors of hurricanes Katrina and Rita posed a possibly serious health
risk because of formaldehyde.
In 2009, a Continental airlines turbo prop commuter plane crashed into a house near Buffalo, N.Y., killing a reported 50 people, including one person in
the house.
Also in 2009, more than 30 people died and 84 were injured when a female suicide bomber detonated a device on a major Shiite pilgrimage route in Iraq.
